Abstract:

Decreasing the Inflammatory Process. Adjuncts in diminishing the chemical reaction of the inflammatory process are rest, therapeutic modalities, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. When the inflammatory mechanism is inhibited, the patient should experience an associated decrease in pain and swelling. Success in achieving these goals has been accomplished through an array of modalities to include laser, microcurrent, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, iontophoresis, and phonophoresis.117 My (MAK) anecdotal choice of modalities to treat the acute inflamed shoulder include cryotherapy and low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS).

M. Keirns, J. Whitman (2009). CHAPTER 41 – Nonoperative Treatment of Shoulder Impingement. The Athlete’s Shoulder (Second Edition) 2009, Pages 527-544. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-044306701-3.50044-X